Here we are summarizing key/selected papers from our research group published in the last 2 decades that led to the development of GEN, along with its predecessor OPEN (Observational Practice and Educational Networking):

Cognitive load

  • Do not teach me while I am working! Dubrowski A, Brydges R, Satterthwaite L, Xeroulis G, Classen R. Am J Surg. 2012 Feb;203(2):253-7. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2010.08.020. PMID: 22269657
  • Thrive or overload? The effect of task complexity on novices’ simulation-based learning. Haji FA, Cheung JJ, Woods N, Regehr G, de Ribaupierre S, Dubrowski A. Med Educ. 2016 Sep;50(9):955-68. doi: 10.1111/medu.13086. PMID: 2756289
  • Measuring cognitive load: performance, mental effort and simulation task complexity. Haji FA, Rojas D, Childs R, de Ribaupierre S, Dubrowski A. Med Educ. 2015 Aug;49(8):815-27. doi: 10.1111/medu.12773. PMID: 26152493 Clinical Trial.
  • Measuring cognitive load during simulation-based psychomotor skills training: sensitivity of secondary-task performance and subjective ratings. Haji FA, Khan R, Regehr G, Drake J, de Ribaupierre S, Dubrowski A. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract. 2015 Dec;20(5):1237-53. doi: 10.1007/s10459-015-9599-8. Epub 2015 Mar 12. PMID: 25761454
  • The impact of secondary-task type on the sensitivity of reaction-time based measurement of cognitive load for novices learning surgical skills using simulation. Rojas D, Haji F, Shewaga R, Kapralos B, Dubrowski A. Stud Health Technol Inform. 2014;196:353-9. PMID: 24732535 Clinical Trial. 6.

Observational Practice and Computer Based Video Instructions

  • Teaching suturing and knot-tying skills to medical students: a randomized controlled study comparing computer-based video instruction and (concurrent and summary) expert feedback. Xeroulis GJ, Park J, Moulton CA, Reznick RK, Leblanc V, Dubrowski A. Surgery. 2007 Apr;141(4):442-9. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2006.09.012. Epub 2007 Jan 25. PMID: 17383520 Clinical Trial.
  • Computer-based video instructions for acquisition of technical skills. Dubrowski A, Xeroulis G. J Vis Commun Med. 2005 Dec;28(4):150-5. doi: 10.1080/01405110500518622. PMID: 16503567
  • Surgical skill acquisition with self-directed practice using computer-based video training. Jowett N, LeBlanc V, Xeroulis G, MacRae H, Dubrowski A. Am J Surg. 2007 Feb;193(2):237-42. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2006.11.003. PMID: 17236854
  • Computer-assisted assessment of one-handed knot tying skills performed within various contexts: a construct validity study. Brydges R, Classen R, Larmer J, Xeroulis G, Dubrowski A. Am J Surg. 2006 Jul;192(1):109-13. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2005.11.014. PMID: 16769286
  • Verbal feedback from an expert is more effective than self-accessed feedback about motion efficiency in learning new surgical skills. Porte MC, Xeroulis G, Reznick RK, Dubrowski A. Am J Surg. 2007 Jan;193(1):105-10. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2006.03.016. PMID: 17188099 Clinical Trial.

R&D in GEN

  • The role of collaborative interactivity in the observational practice of clinical skills. Grierson LE, Barry M, Kapralos B, Carnahan H, Dubrowski A. Med Educ. 2012 Apr;46(4):409-16. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2923.2011.04196.x. PMID: 22429177 Clinical Trial.
  • Preparation With Web-Based Observational Practice Improves Efficiency of Simulation-Based Mastery Learning. Cheung JJ, Koh J, Brett C, Bägli DJ, Kapralos B, Dubrowski A. Simul Healthc. 2016 Oct;11(5):316-322. doi: 10.1097/SIH.0000000000000171. PMID: 27388862 Clinical Trial.
  • Evaluation of tensiometric assessment as a measure of skill degradation. Cheung JJ, Rojas D, Weber B, Kapralos B, Carnahan H, Dubrowski A. Stud Health Technol Inform. 2012;173:97-101. PMID: 22356965 4.
  • Acquisition of technical skills in ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia using a high-fidelity simulator. Cheung JJ, Chen EW, Al-Allaq Y, Nikravan N, McCartney CJ, Dubrowski A, Awad IT. Stud Health Technol Inform. 2011;163:119-24. PMID: 21335773
  • The use of web-based learning for simulation-based education and training of central venous catheterization in novice learners. Cheung JJ, Koh J, Mackinnon K, Brett C, Bägli D, Kapralos B, Dubrowski A. Stud Health Technol Inform. 2013;184:71-7. PMID: 23400133

Self-directed learning

  • Safir O, Williams CK, Dubrowski A, Backstein D, Carnahan H. Self-directed practice schedule enhances learning of suturing skills. Can J Surg. 2013;56(6):E142-E147. doi:10.1503/cjs.019512
  • Do not teach me while I am working! Dubrowski A, Brydges R, Satterthwaite L, Xeroulis G, Classen R. Am J Surg. 2012 Feb;203(2):253-7. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2010.08.020. PMID: 22269657
  • A new concept of unsupervised learning: directed self-guided learning in the health professions. Brydges R, Dubrowski A, Regehr G. Acad Med. 2010 Oct;85(10 Suppl):S49-55. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0b013e3181ed4c96. PMID: 20881703 Review.
  • Comparing the cost-effectiveness of simulation modalities: a case study of peripheral intravenous catheterization training. Isaranuwatchai W, Brydges R, Carnahan H, Backstein D, Dubrowski A. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract. 2014 May;19(2):219-32. doi: 10.1007/s10459-013-9464-6. Epub 2013 Jun 1. PMID: 23728476 Clinical Trial.
  • Surface exploration using laparoscopic surgical instruments: the perception of surface roughness. Brydges R, Carnahan H, Dubrowski A. Ergonomics. 2005 Jun 10;48(7):874-94. doi: 10.1080/00140130500123704.PMID: 16076743
  • Coordinating progressive levels of simulation fidelity to maximize educational benefit. Brydges R, Carnahan H, Rose D, Rose L, Dubrowski A. Acad Med. 2010 May;85(5):806-12. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0b013e3181d7aabd.PMID: 20520031 Clinical Trial.
  • Evaluating the influence of goal setting on intravenous catheterization skill acquisition and transfer in a hybrid simulation training context. Brydges R, Mallette C, Pollex H, Carnahan H, Dubrowski A. Simul Healthc. 2012 Aug;7(4):236-42. doi: 10.1097/SIH.0b013e31825993f2. PMID: 22722705 Clinical Trial.
  • Pediatric urology training: performance-based assessment using the fundamentals of laparoscopic surgery. Brydges R, Farhat WA, El-Hout Y, Dubrowski A. J Surg Res. 2010 Jun 15;161(2):240-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2008.12.041. Epub 2009 Jan 24. PMID: 19457495
  • Comparing self-guided learning and educator-guided learning formats for simulation-based clinical training. Brydges R, Carnahan H, Rose D, Dubrowski A. J Adv Nurs. 2010 Aug;66(8):1832-44. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2010.05338.x. Epub 2010 Jun 16. PMID: 20557388 Clinical Trial.
  • Application of motor learning principles to complex surgical tasks: searching for the optimal practice schedule. Brydges R, Carnahan H, Backstein D, Dubrowski A. J Mot Behav. 2007 Jan;39(1):40-8. doi: 10.3200/JMBR.39.1.40-48. PMID: 17251170